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Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS がリリースされたので Ansible サーバーを作ってみた
2024-04-25 に Ubuntu 24.04 LTS がリリースされました。早速、Ubuntu Server で Ansible サーバーを構築してみました。
Ubuntu Server をインストールする
インストールする環境に合わせて IP アドレスの変更やアカウントを作成しますが、基本はデフォルトのままで問題ありません。
- インストールメディアをセットして起動 ⇒ [Enter] キーを押す
- 起動時のメッセージが流れ終わるのを待つ
- 使用する言語を選択 ⇒ [Enter] キーを押す
- キーボードレイアウトの選択：[English (US)] から [Japanese] に変更 ⇒ [Done]
- インストールタイプを選択 ⇒ [Done]
- ネットワーク設定：Manual に変更し固定 IP アドレスを設定 ⇒ [Done]
- Proxy 設定 ⇒ [Done]
- ミラー設定 ⇒ [Done]
- ミラー設定のテスト結果を確認 ⇒ [Done]
- ディスク設定 ⇒ [Done]
- ディスク設定を確認 ⇒ [Done]
- ホスト名（server name）を設定 / アカウント（username）を作成 ⇒ [Done]
ここで作成したアカウントは sudo 権限を持ちます。このアカウントで Ansible サーバーに接続します。
- Ubuntu Pro へのアップグレード確認 ⇒ [Continre]
- SSH 設定：[Install OpenSSH server] を選択 ⇒ [Done]
- 追加パッケージの選択 ⇒ [Done]
- インストールが終わるのを待つ
- インストール終了 ⇒ [Reboot Now]
- インストールメディアを取り出す ⇒ [Enter] キーを押す
- 再起動が終わるのを待つ
- 再起動終了 ⇒ ログインプロンプトが表示された後もメッセージが表示される
公開鍵認証を設定する
ほとんどの作業を Windows のコマンドプロンプト上で行います。
鍵を作成する
-
コマンドプロンプトを起動する
-
ed25519 タイプの鍵を作成する
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 dir %USERPROFILE%\.sshC:\Users\y_mrok>ssh-keygen -t ed25519 Generating public/private ed25519 key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519 Your public key has been saved in C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub The key fingerprint is: SHA256:sfJP5ueDqSs0Zj2z12huSBBAaHSLNUmzJHGB3WVmF+I y_mrok@DESKTOP-1BQKCCC The key's randomart image is: +--[ED25519 256]--+ | .+B%= .* o. | | +Bo=o= o | | .. o .E | | . o | | .oS | | =o= | | + o.=o= | | . o=B + | | .oB+o.. | +----[SHA256]-----+ C:\Users\y_mrok> C:\Users\y_mrok>dir %USERPROFILE%\.ssh Volume in drive C has no label. Volume Serial Number is DAF1-3FF4 Directory of C:\Users\y_mrok\.ssh 2024/04/27 07:44 <DIR> . 2024/04/26 20:29 <DIR> .. 2024/04/27 07:44 419 id_ed25519 2024/04/27 07:44 105 id_ed25519.pub 2 File(s) 524 bytes 2 Dir(s) 1,066,088,079,360 bytes free C:\Users\y_mrok>
Ansible サーバーに公開鍵をコピーする
作成した公開鍵を Ansible サーバーの ~/.ssh/authorized_keys にコピーします。
scp %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub y_mrok@192.168.0.10:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
C:\Users\y_mrok>scp %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub y_mrok@192.168.0.10:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.10 (192.168.0.10)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:/dpgmCHusedQ7E1hNgHD+a72Uawdh8j7WZM8vym7Dck.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])?
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.10' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
y_mrok@192.168.0.10's password:
id_ed25519.pub 100% 105 0.1KB/s 00:00
C:\Users\y_mrok>
公開鍵認証で接続する
ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
ls -l ~/.ssh
cat /etc/os-release
C:\Users\y_mrok>ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-31-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/pro
System information as of Fri Apr 26 10:45:22 PM UTC 2024
System load: 0.07 Processes: 247
Usage of /: 15.0% of 14.66GB Users logged in: 0
Memory usage: 3% IPv4 address for ens32: 192.168.0.10
Swap usage: 0%
Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.
0 updates can be applied immediately.
Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status
To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ ls -l ~/.ssh
total 4
-rw------- 1 y_mrok y_mrok 105 Apr 26 22:45 authorized_keys
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
Ansible サーバーを設定する
タイムゾーンを変更する
デフォルトの UTC から JST に変更します。
timedatectl status
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
timedatectl status
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ timedatectl status
Local time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54 UTC
Universal time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54 UTC
RTC time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54
Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: yes
NTP service: active
RTC in local TZ: no
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ timedatectl status
Local time: Sat 2024-04-27 07:46:22 JST
Universal time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:46:22 UTC
RTC time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:46:22
Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)
System clock synchronized: yes
NTP service: active
RTC in local TZ: no
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
パッケージを最新のものに更新する
リリースされたばかりなので、アップデートが必要なパッケージはありませんでした。ログではリブートしていますが、今回は更新対象が存在しないのでリブートは必要ありません。リブートした場合は再度 SSH 接続してから作業を続行します。
sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y upgrade
sudo systemctl reboot
ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y update
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
Hit:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
Hit:2 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble InRelease
Get:3 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease [89.7 kB]
Hit:4 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
Fetched 89.7 kB in 2s (41.3 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo systemctl reboot
Broadcast message from root@ctrl on pts/1 (Sat 2024-04-27 08:49:22 JST):
The system will reboot now!
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed by remote host.
Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed.
C:\Users\y_mrok>
C:\Users\y_mrok> ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
sudo するときパスワードを確認しないようにする
sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo su - <<EOF
cat <<OWARI > /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
OWARI
EOF
sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
total 4
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo su - <<EOF
> cat <<OWARI > /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
> y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
> OWARI
> EOF
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 30 Apr 27 18:54 y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
-r--r----- 1 root root 30 Apr 27 18:54 y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
Ansible をインストールする準備をする
Ansible をインストールする前にインストールすべきパッケージをインストールします。
sudo apt -y install python3-pip sshpass tar pipx
pipx ensurepath
exit
ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y install python3-pip sshpass tar pipx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
tar is already the newest version (1.35+dfsg-3build1).
tar set to manually installed.
The following additional packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential bzip2 cpp cpp-13 cpp-13-x86-64-linux-gnu
cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-13 g++-13-x86-64-linux-gnu g++-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc gcc-13
gcc-13-base gcc-13-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-x86-64-linux-gnu javascript-common libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan8 libatomic1 libbinutils libcc1-0 libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-13-dev libgomp1 libgprofng0 libhwasan0 libisl23
libitm1 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.12-dev libquadmath0
libsframe1 libstdc++-13-dev libtsan2 libubsan1 lto-disabled-list make python3-argcomplete python3-dev
python3-packaging python3-pip-whl python3-platformdirs python3-psutil python3-setuptools-whl python3-userpath
python3-venv python3-wheel python3.12-dev python3.12-venv zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
binutils-doc gprofng-gui bzip2-doc cpp-doc gcc-13-locales cpp-13-doc debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-13-multilib
gcc-13-doc gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-13-multilib gdb-x86-64-linux-gnu
apache2 | lighttpd | httpd bzr libstdc++-13-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential bzip2 cpp cpp-13 cpp-13-x86-64-linux-gnu
cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-13 g++-13-x86-64-linux-gnu g++-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc gcc-13
gcc-13-base gcc-13-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-x86-64-linux-gnu javascript-common libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan8 libatomic1 libbinutils libcc1-0 libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-13-dev libgomp1 libgprofng0 libhwasan0 libisl23
libitm1 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.12-dev libquadmath0
libsframe1 libstdc++-13-dev libtsan2 libubsan1 lto-disabled-list make pipx python3-argcomplete python3-dev
python3-packaging python3-pip python3-pip-whl python3-platformdirs python3-psutil python3-setuptools-whl
python3-userpath python3-venv python3-wheel python3.12-dev python3.12-venv sshpass zlib1g-dev
0 upgraded, 70 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
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After this operation, 296 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Get:70 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/universe amd64 sshpass amd64 1.09-1 [11.7 kB]
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update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode
Setting up build-essential (12.10ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.12.0-4build2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.39-0ubuntu8) ...
Scanning processes...
Scanning linux images...
Running kernel seems to be up-to-date.
No services need to be restarted.
No containers need to be restarted.
No user sessions are running outdated binaries.
No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ pipx ensurepath
Success! Added /home/y_mrok/.local/bin to the PATH environment variable.
Consider adding shell completions for pipx. Run 'pipx completions' for instructions.
You will need to open a new terminal or re-login for the PATH changes to take effect.
Otherwise pipx is ready to go! ✨ 🌟 ✨
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed.
C:\Users\y_mrok>
C:\Users\y_mrok>ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-31-generic x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/pro
System information as of Sat Apr 27 07:09:12 PM JST 2024
System load: 0.26 Processes: 248
Usage of /: 17.6% of 14.66GB Users logged in: 0
Memory usage: 4% IPv4 address for ens32: 192.168.0.10
Swap usage: 0%
Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.
0 updates can be applied immediately.
Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status
Last login: Sat Apr 27 19:05:53 2024 from 192.168.0.132
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
Ansible をインストールする
pipx install --include-deps ansible
ansible --version
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ pipx install --include-deps ansible
installed package ansible 9.5.1, installed using Python 3.12.3
These apps are now globally available
- ansible
- ansible-community
- ansible-config
- ansible-connection
- ansible-console
- ansible-doc
- ansible-galaxy
- ansible-inventory
- ansible-playbook
- ansible-pull
- ansible-test
- ansible-vault
done! ✨ 🌟 ✨
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ ansible --version
ansible [core 2.16.6]
config file = None
configured module search path = ['/home/y_mrok/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /home/y_mrok/.local/share/pipx/venvs/ansible/lib/python3.12/site-packages/ansible
ansible collection location = /home/y_mrok/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
executable location = /home/y_mrok/.local/bin/ansible
python version = 3.12.3 (main, Apr 10 2024, 05:33:47) [GCC 13.2.0] (/home/y_mrok/.local/share/pipx/venvs/ansible/bin/python)
jinja version = 3.1.3
libyaml = True
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
Ansible をアップグレードする
pipx upgrade --include-injected ansible
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