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Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS がリリースされたので Ansible サーバーを作ってみた

2024/04/27に公開

Linux

2024-04-25 に Ubuntu 24.04 LTS がリリースされました。早速、Ubuntu Server で Ansible サーバーを構築してみました。

Ubuntu Server をインストールする

インストールする環境に合わせて IP アドレスの変更やアカウントを作成しますが、基本はデフォルトのままで問題ありません。

インストールメディアをセットして起動　⇒　[Enter] キーを押す

起動時のメッセージが流れ終わるのを待つ

使用する言語を選択　⇒　[Enter] キーを押す

キーボードレイアウトの選択：[English (US)] から [Japanese] に変更　⇒　[Done]

インストールタイプを選択　⇒　[Done]

ネットワーク設定：Manual に変更し固定 IP アドレスを設定　⇒　[Done]

Proxy 設定　⇒　[Done]

ミラー設定　⇒　[Done]

ミラー設定のテスト結果を確認　⇒　[Done]

ディスク設定　⇒　[Done]

ディスク設定を確認　⇒　[Done]

ホスト名（server name）を設定 / アカウント（username）を作成　⇒　[Done]
ここで作成したアカウントは sudo 権限を持ちます。このアカウントで Ansible サーバーに接続します。

Ubuntu Pro へのアップグレード確認　⇒　[Continre]

SSH 設定：[Install OpenSSH server] を選択　⇒　[Done]

追加パッケージの選択　⇒　[Done]

インストールが終わるのを待つ

インストール終了　⇒　[Reboot Now]

インストールメディアを取り出す　⇒　[Enter] キーを押す

再起動が終わるのを待つ

再起動終了　⇒　ログインプロンプトが表示された後もメッセージが表示される

公開鍵認証を設定する

ほとんどの作業を Windows のコマンドプロンプト上で行います。

鍵を作成する

コマンドプロンプトを起動する

ed25519 タイプの鍵を作成する

ssh-keygen -t ed25519
dir %USERPROFILE%\.ssh

C:\Users\y_mrok>ssh-keygen -t ed25519
Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519
Your public key has been saved in C:\Users\y_mrok/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:sfJP5ueDqSs0Zj2z12huSBBAaHSLNUmzJHGB3WVmF+I y_mrok@DESKTOP-1BQKCCC
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ED25519 256]--+
| .+B%= .* o.     |
|  +Bo=o= o       |
| .. o  .E        |
|      .  o       |
|      .oS        |
|      =o=        |
|     + o.=o=     |
|      . o=B +    |
|       .oB+o..   |
+----[SHA256]-----+

C:\Users\y_mrok>
C:\Users\y_mrok>dir %USERPROFILE%\.ssh
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is DAF1-3FF4

 Directory of C:\Users\y_mrok\.ssh

2024/04/27  07:44    <DIR>          .
2024/04/26  20:29    <DIR>          ..
2024/04/27  07:44               419 id_ed25519
2024/04/27  07:44               105 id_ed25519.pub
               2 File(s)            524 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  1,066,088,079,360 bytes free

C:\Users\y_mrok>

Ansible サーバーに公開鍵をコピーする

作成した公開鍵を Ansible サーバーの ~/.ssh/authorized_keys にコピーします。

scp %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub y_mrok@192.168.0.10:~/.ssh/authorized_keys

C:\Users\y_mrok>scp %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub y_mrok@192.168.0.10:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.10 (192.168.0.10)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:/dpgmCHusedQ7E1hNgHD+a72Uawdh8j7WZM8vym7Dck.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])?
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.10' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
y_mrok@192.168.0.10's password:
id_ed25519.pub                                                                    100%  105     0.1KB/s   00:00

C:\Users\y_mrok>

公開鍵認証で接続する

ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
ls -l ~/.ssh
cat /etc/os-release

C:\Users\y_mrok>ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-31-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/pro

 System information as of Fri Apr 26 10:45:22 PM UTC 2024

  System load:  0.07               Processes:              247
  Usage of /:   15.0% of 14.66GB   Users logged in:        0
  Memory usage: 3%                 IPv4 address for ens32: 192.168.0.10
  Swap usage:   0%


Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.

0 updates can be applied immediately.

Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status


To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.

y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ ls -l ~/.ssh
total 4
-rw------- 1 y_mrok y_mrok 105 Apr 26 22:45 authorized_keys
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
y_mrok@ctrl:~$

Ansible サーバーを設定する

タイムゾーンを変更する

デフォルトの UTC から JST に変更します。

timedatectl status
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
timedatectl status

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ timedatectl status
               Local time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54 UTC
           Universal time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54 UTC
                 RTC time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:45:54
                Time zone: Etc/UTC (UTC, +0000)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ timedatectl status
               Local time: Sat 2024-04-27 07:46:22 JST
           Universal time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:46:22 UTC
                 RTC time: Fri 2024-04-26 22:46:22
                Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no
y_mrok@ctrl:~$

パッケージを最新のものに更新する

リリースされたばかりなので、アップデートが必要なパッケージはありませんでした。ログではリブートしていますが、今回は更新対象が存在しないのでリブートは必要ありません。リブートした場合は再度 SSH 接続してから作業を続行します。

sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y upgrade
sudo systemctl reboot
ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y update
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
Hit:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
Hit:2 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble InRelease
Get:3 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease [89.7 kB]
Hit:4 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
Fetched 89.7 kB in 2s (41.3 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo systemctl reboot

Broadcast message from root@ctrl on pts/1 (Sat 2024-04-27 08:49:22 JST):

The system will reboot now!

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed by remote host.
Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed.

C:\Users\y_mrok> 
C:\Users\y_mrok> ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok

sudo するときパスワードを確認しないようにする

sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo su - <<EOF
cat <<OWARI > /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
OWARI
EOF
sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
[sudo] password for y_mrok:
total 4
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo su - <<EOF
> cat <<OWARI > /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
> y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
> OWARI
> EOF
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   30 Apr 27 18:54 y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo ls -l /etc/sudoers.d/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 root root 1068 Jan 30 02:09 README
-r--r----- 1 root root   30 Apr 27 18:54 y_mrok
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/y_mrok
y_mrok ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
y_mrok@ctrl:~$

Ansible をインストールする準備をする

Ansible をインストールする前にインストールすべきパッケージをインストールします。

sudo apt -y install python3-pip sshpass tar pipx
pipx ensurepath
exit
ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ sudo apt -y install python3-pip sshpass tar pipx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
tar is already the newest version (1.35+dfsg-3build1).
tar set to manually installed.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential bzip2 cpp cpp-13 cpp-13-x86-64-linux-gnu
  cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-13 g++-13-x86-64-linux-gnu g++-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc gcc-13
  gcc-13-base gcc-13-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-x86-64-linux-gnu javascript-common libalgorithm-diff-perl
  libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan8 libatomic1 libbinutils libcc1-0 libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
  libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-13-dev libgomp1 libgprofng0 libhwasan0 libisl23
  libitm1 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.12-dev libquadmath0
  libsframe1 libstdc++-13-dev libtsan2 libubsan1 lto-disabled-list make python3-argcomplete python3-dev
  python3-packaging python3-pip-whl python3-platformdirs python3-psutil python3-setuptools-whl python3-userpath
  python3-venv python3-wheel python3.12-dev python3.12-venv zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
  binutils-doc gprofng-gui bzip2-doc cpp-doc gcc-13-locales cpp-13-doc debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-13-multilib
  gcc-13-doc gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-13-multilib gdb-x86-64-linux-gnu
  apache2 | lighttpd | httpd bzr libstdc++-13-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential bzip2 cpp cpp-13 cpp-13-x86-64-linux-gnu
  cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-13 g++-13-x86-64-linux-gnu g++-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc gcc-13
  gcc-13-base gcc-13-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-x86-64-linux-gnu javascript-common libalgorithm-diff-perl
  libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan8 libatomic1 libbinutils libcc1-0 libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
  libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-13-dev libgomp1 libgprofng0 libhwasan0 libisl23
  libitm1 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.12-dev libquadmath0
  libsframe1 libstdc++-13-dev libtsan2 libubsan1 lto-disabled-list make pipx python3-argcomplete python3-dev
  python3-packaging python3-pip python3-pip-whl python3-platformdirs python3-psutil python3-setuptools-whl
  python3-userpath python3-venv python3-wheel python3.12-dev python3.12-venv sshpass zlib1g-dev
0 upgraded, 70 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 81.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 296 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Get:36 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 make amd64 4.3-4.1build2 [180 kB]
Get:37 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 libdpkg-perl all 1.22.6ubuntu6 [268 kB]
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Get:45 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-perl all 1.201-1 [41.8 kB]
Get:46 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl amd64 0.04-8build3 [11.2 kB]
Get:47 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 libalgorithm-merge-perl all 0.08-5 [11.4 kB]
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Get:52 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 libjs-sphinxdoc all 7.2.6-6 [149 kB]
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Get:60 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/universe amd64 python3-argcomplete all 3.1.4-1 [33.5 kB]
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Get:63 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/universe amd64 python3-userpath all 1.9.1-1 [9,416 B]
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Get:69 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 python3-psutil amd64 5.9.8-2build2 [195 kB]
Get:70 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/universe amd64 sshpass amd64 1.09-1 [11.7 kB]
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Extracting templates from packages: 100%
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Setting up g++-13 (13.2.0-23ubuntu4) ...
Setting up g++ (4:13.2.0-7ubuntu1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode
Setting up build-essential (12.10ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.12.0-4build2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.39-0ubuntu8) ...
Scanning processes...
Scanning linux images...

Running kernel seems to be up-to-date.

No services need to be restarted.

No containers need to be restarted.

No user sessions are running outdated binaries.

No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ pipx ensurepath
Success! Added /home/y_mrok/.local/bin to the PATH environment variable.

Consider adding shell completions for pipx. Run 'pipx completions' for instructions.

You will need to open a new terminal or re-login for the PATH changes to take effect.

Otherwise pipx is ready to go! ✨ 🌟 ✨
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.0.10 closed.

C:\Users\y_mrok>
C:\Users\y_mrok>ssh 192.168.0.10 -l y_mrok
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.8.0-31-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/pro

 System information as of Sat Apr 27 07:09:12 PM JST 2024

  System load:  0.26               Processes:              248
  Usage of /:   17.6% of 14.66GB   Users logged in:        0
  Memory usage: 4%                 IPv4 address for ens32: 192.168.0.10
  Swap usage:   0%


Expanded Security Maintenance for Applications is not enabled.

0 updates can be applied immediately.

Enable ESM Apps to receive additional future security updates.
See https://ubuntu.com/esm or run: sudo pro status


Last login: Sat Apr 27 19:05:53 2024 from 192.168.0.132
y_mrok@ctrl:~$

Ansible をインストールする

pipx install --include-deps ansible
ansible --version

y_mrok@ctrl:~$ pipx install --include-deps ansible
  installed package ansible 9.5.1, installed using Python 3.12.3
  These apps are now globally available
    - ansible
    - ansible-community
    - ansible-config
    - ansible-connection
    - ansible-console
    - ansible-doc
    - ansible-galaxy
    - ansible-inventory
    - ansible-playbook
    - ansible-pull
    - ansible-test
    - ansible-vault
done! ✨ 🌟 ✨
y_mrok@ctrl:~$
y_mrok@ctrl:~$ ansible --version
ansible [core 2.16.6]
  config file = None
  configured module search path = ['/home/y_mrok/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /home/y_mrok/.local/share/pipx/venvs/ansible/lib/python3.12/site-packages/ansible
  ansible collection location = /home/y_mrok/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
  executable location = /home/y_mrok/.local/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.12.3 (main, Apr 10 2024, 05:33:47) [GCC 13.2.0] (/home/y_mrok/.local/share/pipx/venvs/ansible/bin/python)
  jinja version = 3.1.3
  libyaml = True
y_mrok@ctrl:~$

参照にさせていただいたサイト

https://pipx.pypa.io/stable/

https://ubuntu.com/download/server