DockerをRootlessモードで起動しているとおこるようだ
<div class="code-block-container">
<div class="code-block-filename-container"> コンテナ起動時のログ</div>
<pre class="language-log"><code class="language-log code-line" data-line="1">...
chown: changing ownership of './sys/kernel/slab/kmalloc-rnd-01-64/remote_node_defrag_ratio': Read-only file system
chown: changing ownership of './sys/kernel/slab/kmalloc-rnd-01-64/total_objects': Read-only file system
chown: changing ownership of './sys/kernel/slab/kmalloc-rnd-01-64/cpu_slabs': Read-only file system
...
</code></pre>
</div>DockerfileでUSER指定する
<div class="code-block-container">
<div class="code-block-filename-container">Dockerfile</div>
<pre class="language-dockerfile"><code class="language-dockerfile code-line" data-line="9">FROM mysql:8.4

USER 1000:1000
</code></pre>
</div>または、compose.yamlで指定も可能
<div class="code-block-container">
<div class="code-block-filename-container">compose.yaml</div>
<pre class="language-yaml"><code class="language-yaml code-line" data-line="15">services:
 db:
 image: mysql:8.4
 user: 1000:1000
</code></pre>
</div>

参考
<ul>
<li><a href="https://belonginc.dev/members/mohiro/posts/upgrade-mysql" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">https://belonginc.dev/members/mohiro/posts/upgrade-mysql</a></li>
</ul>