ruby3.3.3だとpuma -v 6.4.2がインストールできた

$ gem install --user-install  puma -v 6.4.2  
Fetching puma-6.4.2.gem
WARNING:  You don't have /Users/t-watanabe/.gem/ruby/3.3.0/bin in your PATH,
	  gem executables will not run.
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed puma-6.4.2
Parsing documentation for puma-6.4.2
Installing ri documentation for puma-6.4.2
Done installing documentation for puma after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

$ bundle config
Settings are listed in order of priority. The top value will be used.
build.puma
Set for the current user (/Users/t-watanabe/.bundle/config): "CC=clang -fdeclspec --with-openssl-dir=/opt/local/libexec/openssl11 --without-openssl-lib=/opt/local/lib"

set
Set for the current user (/Users/t-watanabe/.bundle/config): "path /Users/t-watanabe/.gem"