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フレームリレーの練習
本エントリについて
Dynagen、Dynamips を使って、フレームリレーを練習します。
Dynagen、Dynamips の利用環境はすでに整っているものとします。
参考
基本設定
[[ROUTER r1]]
model = 3725
console = 2001
f0/0 = NIO_tap:tap0
#s1/0 = r2 s1/1
s1/0 = FR1 1
[[ROUTER r2]]
model = 3725
console = 2002
f0/0 = NIO_udp:30000:127.0.0.1:20000
#s1/0 = r3 s1/1
s1/0 = FR1 2
[[FRSW FR1]]
1:102 = 2:201
r1(config)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 102 broadcast
r1(config-if)#no shut
r2(config)#interface Serial1/0
r2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.1 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#no shut
疎通確認を実施して、インタフェースの状態を確認します。
r2#ping 172.16.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/19/28 ms
r2#show int s1/0
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.0.2/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, crc 16, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Restart-Delay is 0 secs
CRC checking enabled
LMI enq sent 3, LMI stat recvd 4, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up
LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0
LMI DLCI 0 LMI type is ANSI Annex D frame relay DTE segmentation inactive
FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down
Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 0/0, interface broadcasts 0
Last input 00:00:03, output 00:00:03, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:00:41
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 packets input, 75 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
7 packets output, 96 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
1 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
フレームリレーの状態を確認します。
r2#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 11 Num Status msgs Rcvd 12
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Last Full Status Req 00:00:52 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:00:51
r2#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 201, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0
input pkts 5 output pkts 5 in bytes 520
out bytes 520 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:02:12, last time pvc status changed 00:01:08
r2#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
r1でフレームリレーの状態を確認します。
r1#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 32 Num Status msgs Rcvd 33
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Last Full Status Req 00:00:22 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:00:22
r1#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 102, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0
input pkts 5 output pkts 5 in bytes 520
out bytes 520 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:05:31, last time pvc status changed 00:04:26
r1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
インタフェースの状態を確認します。
r1#show int s1/0
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.0.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, crc 16, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Restart-Delay is 0 secs
CRC checking enabled
LMI enq sent 28, LMI stat recvd 29, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up
LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent 0, LMI upd sent 0
LMI DLCI 0 LMI type is ANSI Annex D frame relay DTE segmentation inactive
FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down
Broadcast queue 0/64, broadcasts sent/dropped 0/0, interface broadcasts 0
Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:09, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:04:58
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
35 packets input, 965 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
37 packets output, 966 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
1 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
r1#show ip int bri
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/0 172.16.0.1 YES manual up up
Serial1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
OSPF に寄り道
ここで OSPF を有効化します。
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
状態を確認します。
OSPFのインタフェースでタイプが NON_BROADCAST になっています。
このとき、ピアは手動で設定する必要があります。
r1#show ip ospf int s1/0
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.0.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.16.0.1
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 120
Hello due in 00:00:11
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
ピアルータを指定します。
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.0.2
r2#show ip int bri
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/0 172.16.0.2 YES manual up up
Serial1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial1/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 2.2.2.2 YES manual up up
r2 でも OSPF を有効化します。
r2(config)#router ospf 1
r2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
r2(config-router)#neighbor 172.16.0.1
状態を確認します。
DRが選出されてアジャセンシが確立しています。自分がDRとなっています。
r2#show ip ospf int s1/0
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.0.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 2.2.2.2, Interface address 172.16.0.2
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 172.16.0.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 120
Hello due in 00:00:04
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 1.1.1.1 (Backup Designated Router)
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
r2#show ip ospf neigh
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:01:51 172.16.0.1 Serial1/0
r2#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 195 0x80000003 0x000652 2
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 194 0x80000003 0x00F555 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
172.16.0.2 2.2.2.2 194 0x80000001 0x004027
r2#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.1 [110/65] via 172.16.0.1, 00:03:19, Serial1/0
r1 で状態を確認します。
r1#show ip ospf neigh
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DR 00:01:37 172.16.0.2 Serial1/0
r1#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 257 0x80000003 0x000652 2
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 258 0x80000003 0x00F555 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
172.16.0.2 2.2.2.2 258 0x80000001 0x004027
r1#show ip route ospf
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 172.16.0.2, 00:04:20, Serial1/0
ハブアンドスポーク
[[ROUTER r1]]
model = 3725
console = 2001
f0/0 = NIO_tap:tap0
#s1/0 = r2 s1/1
s1/0 = FR1 1
[[ROUTER r2]]
model = 3725
console = 2002
f0/0 = NIO_udp:30000:127.0.0.1:20000
#s1/0 = r3 s1/1
s1/0 = FR1 2
[[ROUTER r3]]
model = 3725
console = 2003
f0/0 = NIO_udp:30001:127.0.0.1:20001
s1/0 = FR1 3
[[FRSW FR1]]
1:102 = 2:201
1:103 = 3:301
ハブルータとなる r1 で設定します。
r1(config)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 102 broadcast
r1(config-if)#no shut
スポークとなる r2で設定します。
r2(config)#int s1/0
r2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.1 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#no shut
疎通を確認します。
r2#ping 172.16.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/18/24 ms
同じく、スポークとなる r3で設定します。
r3(config)#int s1/0
r3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.3 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.1 301 broadcast
r3(config-if)#no shut
r1 との疎通を確認します。
r3#ping 172.16.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/21/40 ms
r3#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 14 Num Status msgs Rcvd 15
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Last Full Status Req 00:00:29 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:00:29
r3#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 301, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0
input pkts 11 output pkts 17 in bytes 1074
out bytes 1768 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:02:39, last time pvc status changed 00:01:35
r3#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
r1 でマッピングの状況を確認します。
r1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
r3 でマッピングの設定を追加します。
r3(config)#int s1/0
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 301 broadcast
r3#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.2 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.1 dlci 301(0x12D,0x48D0), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
r2 でもマッピングの設定を追加します。
r2(config)#int s1/0
r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.3 201 broadcast
r2#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.3 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 172.16.0.1 dlci 201(0xC9,0x3090), static,
broadcast,
CISCO, status defined, active
r2 とr3 の間で疎通を確認します。
r2#ping 172.16.0.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/33/40 ms
r3#ping 172.16.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/32/44 ms
マルチポイント・サブインターフェイス
マルチポイント・サブインタフェースを使って設定してみます。
ハブルートとなる r1 で元の設定を削除したあと、マルチポイント・サブインタフェースを使う設定を追加します。
r1(config)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#shut
r1(config-if)#no frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 102
r1(config-if)#no ip addr
r1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r1(config)#int s1/0.1 multipoint
r1(config-subif)#ip addr 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 102
r1(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.3 103
r1(config-subif)#no shut
r1(config)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#no shut
r1#show ip int bri
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/0 unassigned YES manual up up
Serial1/0.1 172.16.0.1 YES manual up up
Serial1/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
r1#show int s1/0.1
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.0.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY
CRC checking enabled
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
状態を確認します。
r1#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 126 Num Status msgs Rcvd 128
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Last Full Status Req 00:00:02 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:00:02
r1#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 2 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 102, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0.1
input pkts 0 output pkts 0 in bytes 0
out bytes 0 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:02:52, last time pvc status changed 00:01:06
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0.1
input pkts 0 output pkts 0 in bytes 0
out bytes 0 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:02:37, last time pvc status changed 00:01:08
r1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0.1 (up): ip 172.16.0.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0.1 (up): ip 172.16.0.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
r2、r3に対して、疎通を確認します。
r1#ping 172.16.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/16/16 ms
r1#ping 172.16.0.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/16/20 ms
r2 から r3に対して疎通を確認します。
r2#ping 172.16.0.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/34/40 ms
ポイントトゥポイント・サブインタフェース
ポイントトゥポイント・サブインタフェースを使って設定してみます。
スポークルータとなる r2 で設定を変更します。
r2(config)#int s1/0
r2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 201 broadcast
r2(config-if)#no shut
同じくスポークルータとなる r3 で設定を変更します。
r3(config)#int s1/0
r3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.1.1 301 broadcast
r3(config-if)#no shut
ハブルータとなる r1 で元の設定を削除し、ポイントトゥポイント・サブインタフェースを利用する設定を追加します。
このとき、 frame-relay map は利用できません。 frame-relay interface-dlci を指定します。
r1(config)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#no ip addr
r1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
r1(config)#int s1/0.1 point-to-point
r1(config-subif)#frame-relay map ip 172.16.0.2 102 broadcast
r1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 102
r1(config-fr-dlci)#int s1/0.2 point-to-point
r1(config-subif)#ip addr 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 103
r1(config-fr-dlci)#int s1/0
r1(config-if)#no shut
疎通を確認します。
r1#ping 172.16.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/24/52 ms
r1#ping 172.16.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/23/36 ms
状態を確認します。
r1#show ip int bri
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/0 unassigned YES manual up up
Serial1/0.1 172.16.0.1 YES manual up up
Serial1/0.2 172.16.1.1 YES manual up up
Serial1/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial1/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
r1#show int s1/0.1
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.0.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY
CRC checking enabled
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
r1#show int s1/0.2
Serial1/0.2 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is M4T
Internet address is 172.16.1.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit/sec, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY
CRC checking enabled
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
r1#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = ANSI
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 16 Num Status msgs Rcvd 17
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Last Full Status Req 00:00:46 Last Full Status Rcvd 00:00:46
r1#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1/0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 2 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 102, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0.1
input pkts 5 output pkts 7 in bytes 520
out bytes 1198 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 678
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:04:21, last time pvc status changed 00:01:51
DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0.2
input pkts 5 output pkts 7 in bytes 520
out bytes 1198 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 2 out bcast bytes 678
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:03:14, last time pvc status changed 00:01:53
r1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), broadcast
status defined, active
Serial1/0.2 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), broadcast
status defined, active
OSPF に寄り道
ここで r1 で OSPF を有効化します。
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
状態を確認します。
OSPFインタフェースを確認すると、タイプが POINT_TO_POINT となっています。
r1#show ip ospf int
Serial1/0.2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:06
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Serial1/0.1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.0.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:02
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
r2 でも OSPF を有効化します。
r2(config)#router ospf 1
r2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
OSPFインタフェースを確認すると、タイプが NON_BROADCAST となっています。
この状態だとアジャセンシが確立しません。
r2#show ip ospf int
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.0.2/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 2.2.2.2, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State WAITING, Priority 1
No designated router on this network
No backup designated router on this network
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 120
Hello due in 00:00:21
Wait time before Designated router selection 00:01:25
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Index 1/1, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
r2 のOSPFインタフェースのネットワークタイプを変更してみます。
r2(config)#int s1/0
r2(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
状態を確認します。
r2#show ip ospf neigh
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 172.16.0.1 Serial1/0
r2#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 37 0x80000003 0x00EC1D 3
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 36 0x80000002 0x0028EB 2
r2#show ip route ospf
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O 172.16.1.0 [110/128] via 172.16.0.1, 00:01:02, Serial1/0
r3でもOSPFを有効にします。
同じように、インタフェースのネットワークタイプを point-to-point に変更します。
r3(config)#router ospf 1
r3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#int s1/0
r3(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
状態を確認します。
r3#show ip ospf neigh
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 172.16.1.1 Serial1/0
r3#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 29 0x80000004 0x00AA45 4
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 183 0x80000002 0x0028EB 2
3.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 28 0x80000002 0x00FD0C 2
r3#show ip route ospf
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O 172.16.0.0 [110/128] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:28, Serial1/0
まとめ
Dynagen、Dynamips を使って、フレームリレーを練習しました。
果たして実地でフレームリレーに出会うことはあるのでしょうか。
Discussion