👨👦👦
GLBP の練習
本エントリについて
Dynagen、Dynamips、vpcs を使って、GLBP を練習します。
Dynagen、Dynamips、vpcs の利用環境はすでに整っているものとします。
参考サイト
下記サイトを参考にしました。
基本設定
https://zenn.dev/mnod/articles/895119218f52fe の練習をした環境を利用します。
GLBP を使うにあたり、トポロジーとしては適していませんが、練習として割り切ります。
GLBP 有効化
debug glbp events を有効にして作業しています。
認証設定をして、GLBP を有効化します。
sw01(config)#key chain ccna
sw01(config-keychain)#key 102
sw01(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco
sw01(config)#int vlan 10
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 authentication md5 key-chain ccna
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 ip 10.2.0.254
Dec 30 20:19:24.550: GLBP: joining IPv4 multicast on Vl10
Dec 30 20:19:24.550: GLBP: joining IPv6 multicast on Vl10
Dec 30 20:19:34.553: GLBP: Vl10 Interface up
Dec 30 20:19:35.856: GLBP: Vl10 API 10.2.0.254 is not a GLBP address in table 0
Dec 30 20:19:35.856: GLBP: Vl10 10 Disabled: a/GLBP IP address configured
Dec 30 20:19:35.856: GLBP: Vl10 10 Disabled -> Listen
Dec 30 20:19:45.855: GLBP: Vl10 10 Listen: g/Active timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:19:45.859: GLBP: Vl10 10 Listen -> Speak
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak: f/Standby timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is local
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak -> Standby
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby: g/Active timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is local
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is unknown, was local
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: %GLBP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Disabled: a/Forwarder MAC address acquired
Dec 30 20:19:55.854: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Disabled -> Listen
Dec 30 20:20:05.854: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen: g/Active timer expired
Dec 30 20:20:05.854: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 20:20:05.854: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 1 state Listen -> Active
状態を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Active 10.2.0.254 local unknown
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 00:03:13
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.036 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is local
Standby is unknown
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
There is 1 forwarder (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:03:03
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.893 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=8.604 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=9.709 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=2.669 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=1.013 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 112 seconds
sw02 でも同様に GLBP を有効にします。
sw02(config)#key chain ccna
sw02(config-keychain)#key 102
sw02(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco
sw02(config-keychain-key)#
sw02(config-keychain-key)#int vlan 10
sw02(config-if)#glbp 10 authentication md5 key-chain ccna
sw02(config-if)#glbp 10 ip 10.2.0.254
Dec 30 20:25:39.903: GLBP: joining IPv4 multicast on Vl10
Dec 30 20:25:39.903: GLBP: joining IPv6 multicast on Vl10
Dec 30 20:25:49.919: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is 10.2.0.252
Dec 30 20:25:49.923: GLBP: Vl10 API 10.2.0.254 is not a GLBP address in table 0
Dec 30 20:25:49.927: GLBP: Vl10 10 Disabled: a/GLBP IP address configured
Dec 30 20:25:49.927: GLBP: Vl10 10 Disabled -> Init
Dec 30 20:25:49.927: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Disabled: a/Forwarder MAC address acquired
Dec 30 20:25:49.927: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Disabled -> Init
Dec 30 20:25:49.927: GLBP: Vl10 Interface up
Dec 30 20:26:10.039: GLBP: Vl10 10 Init: a/GLBP IP address configured
Dec 30 20:26:10.043: GLBP: Vl10 10 Init -> Listen
Dec 30 20:26:10.043: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Init: d/Forwarder enabled
Dec 30 20:26:10.043: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Init -> Listen
Dec 30 20:26:13.083: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Disabled: a/Forwarder MAC address acquired
Dec 30 20:26:13.087: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Disabled -> Listen
Dec 30 20:26:20.043: GLBP: Vl10 10 Listen: f/Standby timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:26:20.047: GLBP: Vl10 10 Listen -> Speak
Dec 30 20:26:23.087: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen: g/Active timer expired
Dec 30 20:26:23.091: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 20:26:23.091: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 2 state Listen -> Active
Dec 30 20:26:30.047: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak: f/Standby timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:26:30.051: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is local
Dec 30 20:26:30.051: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak -> Standby
状態を確認します。sw02 はスタンバイになりました。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
1 state change, last state change 00:01:52
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.452 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 100 (expires in 7.312 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14397.312 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.332 sec)
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:02:01
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
sw01 でも状態を確認します。sw02 をスタンバイとして認識しています。
Dec 30 20:23:37.858: GLBP: Vl10 API Proxy ARP for 10.2.254.11 succeeded
Dec 30 20:23:50.846: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.254 found
Dec 30 20:24:12.230: GLBP: Vl1 API active virtual address 10.2.254.11 not found
Dec 30 20:24:17.782: GLBP: Vl10 API Proxy ARP for 10.2.254.11 succeeded
Dec 30 20:24:20.614: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.252 not found
Dec 30 20:25:21.778: GLBP: Vl10 API Proxy ARP for 10.2.254.11 succeeded
Dec 30 20:26:23.126: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Disabled: a/Forwarder MAC address acquired
Dec 30 20:26:23.126: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Disabled -> Listen
Dec 30 20:26:28.614: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.252 not found
Dec 30 20:26:30.082: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is 10.2.0.253
Dec 30 20:27:29.778: GLBP: Vl10 API Proxy ARP for 10.2.254.11 succeeded
Dec 30 20:28:36.614: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.252 not found
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 00:09:05
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.356 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 8.524 sec)
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:08:55
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 599.508 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14399.508 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.508 sec)
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> show arp
arp table is empty
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.654 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=4.491 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=10.628 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=2.790 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=4.894 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 111 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 timeout
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=5.950 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=9.033 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=8.479 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=4.775 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 112 seconds
c2:01:03:36:00:00 10.2.0.253 expires in 112 seconds
preemption
GLBP のプリエンプション機能では、AVG の役割が引き継がれます。
priority 値が大きいほうが AVG の役割を持ちます。priority の値が同じ場合は、大きなIPアドレスを持っているほうがAVG になります。
ここで、試しに sw01 のpriority の値を悪化させてみます。
sw01(config)#int vlan 10
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 priority 95
設定を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 95 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 00:12:02
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.784 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 8.988 sec)
Priority 95 (configured)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:11:52
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 2
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 597.236 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14397.232 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.228 sec)
Client selection count: 1
sw02 でも確認します。
アクティブルータの priority が 95 になったことを認識しましたが、役割は変わっていません。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
1 state change, last state change 00:06:13
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.940 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 95 (expires in 7.752 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14397.748 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.428 sec)
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:06:22
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
sw02 で preemption を設定します。
sw02(config)#int vlan 10
sw02(config-if)#glbp 10 preempt
Dec 30 20:33:31.900: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby: l/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (95/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 20:33:31.904: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is local, was 10.2.0.252
Dec 30 20:33:31.908: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is unknown, was local
Dec 30 20:33:31.908: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:33:31.912: %GLBP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:33:41.932: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is 10.2.0.252
状態を確認します。sw02 がアクティブルータになりました。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.252
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 00:00:52
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.468 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.252, priority 95 (expires in 9.516 sec)
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 599.516 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14397.856 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.856 sec)
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:08:03
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
sw01 で状態を確認します。こちらはスタンバイルータになりました。
Dec 30 20:33:00.786: GLBP: Vl10 API Proxy ARP for 10.2.254.11 succeeded
Dec 30 20:33:31.918: GLBP: Vl10 Grp 10 Hello in VG Active pri 100 vIP 10.2.0.254 hello 3000, hold 10000 VF 2 Active pri 167 vMAC 0007.b400.0a02
Dec 30 20:33:31.922: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is 10.2.0.253, was local
Dec 30 20:33:31.922: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is unknown, was 10.2.0.253
Dec 30 20:33:31.922: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active: k/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (100/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 20:33:31.922: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active -> Speak
Dec 30 20:33:31.922: %GLBP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Active -> Speak
Dec 30 20:33:41.922: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak: f/Standby timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:33:41.926: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is local
Dec 30 20:33:41.926: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak -> Standby
Dec 30 20:34:05.826: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.252 not found
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 95 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.253 local
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 00:01:10
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.920 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption disabled
Active is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 7.916 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 95 (configured)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:14:46
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 2
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Time to live: 14399.252 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.252 sec)
Client selection count: 1
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> show arp
arp table is empty
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.773 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.906 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=4.446 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=9.947 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=7.915 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.330 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=2.694 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.455 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.637 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=8.082 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
AVG を sw01 に戻すため、sw01 にて priority 値の変更と preemption 設定を実施します。
sw01(config)#int vlan 10
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 priority 105
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 preempt
Dec 30 20:37:19.930: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby: l/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (100/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 20:37:19.934: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is local, was 10.2.0.253
Dec 30 20:37:19.934: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is unknown, was local
Dec 30 20:37:19.938: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:37:19.938: %GLBP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Standby -> Active
Dec 30 20:37:29.974: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is 10.2.0.253
状態を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 00:00:31
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.408 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 9.452 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:17:45
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 2
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 599.940 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14399.936 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.936 sec)
Client selection count: 1
sw02 でも状態を確認します。
Dec 30 20:35:10.324: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.253 not found
Dec 30 20:35:39.584: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.254 found
Dec 30 20:36:13.340: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.254 found
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: GLBP: Vl10 Grp 10 Hello in VG Active pri 105 vIP 10.2.0.254 hello 3000, hold 10000 VF 1 Active pri 167 vMAC 0007.b400.0a01
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active router IP is 10.2.0.252, was local
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is unknown, was 10.2.0.252
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active: k/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (105/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: GLBP: Vl10 10 Active -> Speak
Dec 30 20:37:19.948: %GLBP-6-STATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 state Active -> Speak
Dec 30 20:37:29.948: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak: f/Standby timer expired (unknown)
Dec 30 20:37:29.952: GLBP: Vl10 10 Standby router is local
Dec 30 20:37:29.952: GLBP: Vl10 10 Speak -> Standby
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 00:00:58
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.392 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 7.416 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14397.416 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.660 sec)
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:12:07
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> show arp
arp table is empty
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.060 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=5.703 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=6.382 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.096 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=4.305 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.646 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=10.701 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=5.612 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=6.702 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=9.862 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 112 seconds
インタフェーストラッキング
GLBP では、インタフェーストラッキングによって、weighting 値を変更します。
weighting 値が、lower で指定した値を下回ったルータは AVF の役割をやめる、upper で指定した値を上回ると、AVF の役割を再開するようになります。
sw01
sw01 でインタフェーストラッキングの設定をします。
sw01(config)#int vlan 10
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 weighting 100 lower 95
sw01(config-if)#track 1 interface fa1/0 line-protocol
sw01(config-track)#int vlan 10
sw01(config-if)#glbp 10 weighting track 1 decrement 10
Dec 30 20:47:04.431: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 add, decrement 10
Dec 30 20:47:04.435: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 Start tracking
Dec 30 20:47:04.435: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 link id 1
状態を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 00:10:57
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 2.720 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 7.588 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:28:11
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 3
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 598.944 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14398.944 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.944 sec)
Client selection count: 2
トラッキング対象のインタフェースを shutdown してみます。
sw01(config)#int fa1/0
sw01(config-if)#shut
Dec 30 20:48:52.215: %TRACKING-5-STATE: 1 interface Fa1/0 line-protocol Up->Down
Dec 30 20:48:52.219: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 object changed, state Up -> Down
Dec 30 20:48:52.219: GLBP: Vl10 10 Weighting 100 -> 90
Dec 30 20:48:52.711: %DTP-5-NONTRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/0 has become non-trunk
Dec 30 20:48:54.187: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to administratively down
Dec 30 20:48:55.187: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to down
Dec 30 20:49:26.163: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Active: i/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (135/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 20:49:26.163: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Active -> Listen
Dec 30 20:49:26.163: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 1 state Active -> Listen
sw01(config-if)#
状態を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.253 -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 00:12:30
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.204 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 8.040 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 90, low (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Down decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (0 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:00:23
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (secondary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.792 sec)
Client selection count: 3
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 598.792 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14398.792 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 8.792 sec)
Client selection count: 2
sw02 でも状態を確認します。
Dec 30 20:48:53.144: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Preemption delayed, 30 secs remaining
Dec 30 20:49:26.148: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen: k/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (39/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 20:49:26.148: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 20:49:26.148: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 1 state Listen -> Active
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 00:15:41
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.852 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 7.060 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (2 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:03:45
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14173.148 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:26:49
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=6.582 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=9.057 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=7.786 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.193 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=7.619 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 112 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.085 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=3.466 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=17.932 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=6.470 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=0.815 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
sw01 で shutdown したインタフェースを no shutdown します。
sw01(config)#int fa1/0
sw01(config-if)#no shut
Dec 30 23:14:22.575: %TRACKING-5-STATE: 1 interface Fa1/0 line-protocol Down->Up
Dec 30 23:14:22.575: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 object changed, state Down -> Up
Dec 30 23:14:22.575: GLBP: Vl10 10 Weighting 90 -> 100
Dec 30 23:14:23.051: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/0 has become dot1q trunk
Dec 30 23:14:25.339: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Preemption delayed, 30 secs remaining
Dec 30 23:14:25.503: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
Dec 30 23:14:55.355: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen: k/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (135/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 23:14:55.355: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 23:14:55.355: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 1 state Listen -> Active
状態を確認します。
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 02:38:08
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.044 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 7.272 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
3 state changes, last state change 00:00:32
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 5
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 599.144 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14399.144 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.144 sec)
Client selection count: 4
sw02 でも状態を確認します。
Dec 30 23:14:55.360: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Active: i/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (167/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 23:14:55.364: GLBP: Vl10 10.1 Active -> Listen
Dec 30 23:14:55.364: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 1 state Active -> Listen
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 02:38:47
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.928 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 8.732 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:01:22
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14397.044 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.036 sec)
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 02:49:56
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=19.290 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=4.885 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=6.921 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=11.945 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=7.520 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.723 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=10.729 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=4.580 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=2.453 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=0.689 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 112 seconds
sw02
sw02 でインタエーストラッキングの設定をします。
sw02(config)#track 1 interface fa1/0 line-protocol
sw02(config-track)#int vlan 10
sw02(config-if)#glbp 10 weighting 100 lower 95
sw02(config-if)#glbp 10 weighting track 1 decrement 10
Dec 30 23:24:20.301: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 add, decrement 10
Dec 30 23:24:20.301: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 Start tracking
Dec 30 23:24:20.301: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 link id 1
状態を確認します。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 02:47:24
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.104 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 7.976 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:09:58
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14399.292 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.292 sec)
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 02:58:32
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
トラッキング対象のインタフェースを shutdown してみます。
sw02(config)#int fa1/0
sw02(config-if)#shut
Dec 30 23:26:05.681: %TRACKING-5-STATE: 1 interface Fa1/0 line-protocol Up->Down
Dec 30 23:26:05.681: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 object changed, state Up -> Down
Dec 30 23:26:05.681: GLBP: Vl10 10 Weighting 100 -> 90
Dec 30 23:26:06.173: %DTP-5-NONTRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/0 has become non-trunk
Dec 30 23:26:07.629: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to administratively down
Dec 30 23:26:08.629: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to down
Dec 30 23:26:37.417: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Active: i/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (135/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 23:26:37.417: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Active -> Listen
Dec 30 23:26:37.417: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 2 state Active -> Listen
Dec 30 23:26:38.197: GLBP: Vl10 API active virtual address 10.2.0.253 not found
状態を確認します。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.252 -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 02:49:37
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 2.936 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 9.800 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 90, low (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Down decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (0 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:12:12
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14397.632 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.628 sec)
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:00:32
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (secondary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.620 sec)
Client selection count: 1
sw01 でも状態を確認します。
Dec 30 23:26:07.383: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Preemption delayed, 30 secs remaining
Dec 30 23:26:37.407: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen: k/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (39/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 23:26:37.407: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 23:26:37.407: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 2 state Listen -> Active
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 02:50:26
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.236 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 7.396 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (2 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
3 state changes, last state change 00:12:50
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 6
Forwarder 2
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:01:10
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 529.644 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14329.644 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 5
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> show arp
arp table is empty
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.839 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=10.242 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=8.938 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.459 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=10.564 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 106 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.473 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=8.280 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=5.299 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=4.645 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=8.620 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
sw02 で shutdown したインタフェースを no shutdown します。
sw02(config)#int fa1/0
sw02(config-if)#no shut
Dec 30 23:29:23.081: %TRACKING-5-STATE: 1 interface Fa1/0 line-protocol Down->Up
Dec 30 23:29:23.085: GLBP: Vl10 10 Track 1 object changed, state Down -> Up
Dec 30 23:29:23.085: GLBP: Vl10 10 Weighting 90 -> 100
Dec 30 23:29:23.133: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/0 has become dot1q trunk
Dec 30 23:29:25.253: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Preemption delayed, 30 secs remaining
Dec 30 23:29:25.593: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
Dec 30 23:29:55.281: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen: k/Hello rcvd from lower pri Active router (135/10.2.0.252)
Dec 30 23:29:55.281: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Listen -> Active
Dec 30 23:29:55.281: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 2 state Listen -> Active
状態を確認します。
sw02#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 100 Standby 10.2.0.254 10.2.0.252 local
Vl10 10 1 - Listen 0007.b400.0a01 10.2.0.252 -
Vl10 10 2 - Active 0007.b400.0a02 local -
sw02#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 02:52:53
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.924 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252, priority 105 (expires in 8.760 sec)
Standby is local
Priority 100 (default)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) authenticated
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) local
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:15:28
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (learnt)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Time to live: 14399.956 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.252 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.956 sec)
Client selection count: 1
Forwarder 2
State is Active
3 state changes, last state change 00:00:30
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (default)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 1
sw01 でも状態を確認します。
Dec 30 23:29:55.291: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Active: i/Hello rcvd from higher pri Active router (167/10.2.0.253)
Dec 30 23:29:55.295: GLBP: Vl10 10.2 Active -> Listen
Dec 30 23:29:55.295: %GLBP-6-FWDSTATECHANGE: Vlan10 Grp 10 Fwd 2 state Active -> Listen
sw01#show glbp vlan 10 brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Vl10 10 - 105 Active 10.2.0.254 local 10.2.0.253
Vl10 10 1 - Active 0007.b400.0a01 local -
Vl10 10 2 - Listen 0007.b400.0a02 10.2.0.253 -
sw01#show glbp vlan 10
Vlan10 - Group 10
State is Active
5 state changes, last state change 02:53:28
Virtual IP address is 10.2.0.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.188 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Authentication MD5, key-chain "ccna"
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local
Standby is 10.2.0.253, priority 100 (expires in 8.380 sec)
Priority 105 (configured)
Weighting 100 (configured 100), thresholds: lower 95, upper 100
Track object 1 state Up decrement 10
Load balancing: round-robin
Group members:
c200.0336.0000 (10.2.0.252) local
c201.0336.0000 (10.2.0.253) authenticated
There are 2 forwarders (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
3 state changes, last state change 00:15:52
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a01 (default)
Owner ID is c200.0336.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Client selection count: 7
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
2 state changes, last state change 00:00:54
MAC address is 0007.b400.0a02 (learnt)
Owner ID is c201.0336.0000
Redirection enabled, 599.804 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14399.804 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 10.2.0.253 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 9.804 sec)
Client selection count: 6
疎通確認を実施します。
VPCS[1]> show arp
arp table is empty
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.608 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=7.214 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=9.227 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=7.820 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=5.211 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:01 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
VPCS[1]> clear arp
VPCS[1]> ping 10.2.0.254
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=9.777 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=5.852 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=10.405 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=8.339 ms
10.2.0.254 icmp_seq=5 ttl=255 time=7.861 ms
VPCS[1]> show arp
00:07:b4:00:0a:02 10.2.0.254 expires in 113 seconds
まとめ
Dynagen、Dynamips、vpcs を使って、GLBP を練習しました。
AVG 、AVF などの登場してきて、理解が大変です。
Discussion