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ExpressRoute FastPath でゲートウェイをバイパスして通信を高速化する

zukako
2024/07/14に公開
Azure
network
Microsoft
expressroute
tech

はじめに

通常、ExpressRoute を使用する場合、オンプレミスから Azure VNet 向きの通信は ExpressRoute Gateway を通過します。 FastPath を使用することでこのゲートウェイをバイパスすることができ、多少のネットワーク パフォーマンス向上が見込めます。Azure 側からの通信については、既定でゲートウェイがバイパスされる使用になっています。
https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/azure/expressroute/about-fastpath

Tech Community に投稿されているブログ[1]でもわかりやすく解説されています。

注意点として、FastPath を使用するにはゲートウェイの SKU を Ultra Performance または ErGw3Az にする必要があります。

FastPath の効果検証

FastPath の有効化前後でレイテンシがどのように変化するか確認してみます。過去の知見[2][3] から、計測には PsPing[4] を使います。

FastPath 無効化状態

次のような構成で検証しています。

PsPing を何度か試してみます。

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46132: 3.81ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46135: 4.25ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46138: 3.81ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46140: 4.52ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46142: 4.74ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 3.81ms, Maximum = 4.74ms, Average = 4.33ms

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46194: 4.68ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46195: 4.97ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46197: 4.16ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46199: 3.85ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46200: 13.99ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 3.85ms, Maximum = 13.99ms, Average = 6.74ms

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46210: 4.19ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46211: 5.12ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46212: 4.77ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46213: 8.03ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46215: 4.16ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 4.16ms, Maximum = 8.03ms, Average = 5.52ms

FastPath 有効化状態

FastPath は Connection リソース上で有効化できます。

次のような構成で検証しています。

PsPing を何度か試してみます。

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46819: 4.99ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46821: 6.72ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46822: 2.34ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46826: 2.45ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46828: 2.62ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 2.34ms, Maximum = 6.72ms, Average = 3.53ms

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46849: 2.24ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46851: 3.54ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46852: 4.61ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46854: 2.98ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46855: 11.10ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 2.98ms, Maximum = 11.10ms, Average = 5.56ms

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46857: 2.47ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46859: 7.13ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46860: 2.95ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46861: 3.48ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46862: 3.82ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 2.95ms, Maximum = 7.13ms, Average = 4.35ms

PS C:\Users\shizh\Downloads\PSTools> .\psping.exe 10.128.1.4:3389

PsPing v2.12 - PsPing - ping, latency, bandwidth measurement utility
Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

TCP connect to 10.128.1.4:3389:
5 iterations (warmup 1) ping test:
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389 (warmup): from 10.100.10.2:46945: 2.32ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46946: 2.92ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46947: 2.67ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46948: 3.73ms
Connecting to 10.128.1.4:3389: from 10.100.10.2:46949: 2.11ms

TCP connect statistics for 10.128.1.4:3389:
  Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Minimum = 2.11ms, Maximum = 3.73ms, Average = 2.86ms

おわりに

全体的に眺めてみると、確かに FastPath によって多少のレイテンシ改善が見込めそうです。利用できる SKU に限りもありますが、使える場合は一考の余地があるでしょう。

脚注

  1. https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/azure-networking-blog/expressroute-fastpath-for-udrs-and-vnet-peering/ba-p/4171115 ↩︎

  2. https://atmarkit.itmedia.co.jp/ait/articles/1911/20/news009.html ↩︎

  3. https://qiita.com/tokawa-ms/items/bf0784fd00cbe88d8663 ↩︎

  4. https://learn.microsoft.com/ja-jp/sysinternals/downloads/psping ↩︎

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