Open3ヶ月前にコメント追加1

Pythonの新しい開発環境について学ぶ

Python

MasaHero

Rye + uv + ruff

Rye

https://methane.hatenablog.jp/entry/2024/02/21/uv%E3%81%A8Rye

Ryeはもともとより良いパッケージツールがどうあるべきかの実証のために作られていて、中身は既存のツールのツギハギだった

いつかuvがRyeの機能に追いつくまでRyeの開発は当面続く

RyeはAstralが引き継ぎ、Arminも当面Ryeの開発に参加する

uvと役割が同じなので、一旦Ryeの学習は後回しに

uv

astral-sh/uv
uv document
uvの紹介記事

Cargo for Pythonを目指しているらしい

Installation

curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
downloading uv 0.3.4 aarch64-apple-darwin
installing to /Users/masahero/.cargo/bin
  uv
  uvx
everything's installed!

To add $HOME/.cargo/bin to your PATH, either restart your shell or run:

    source $HOME/.cargo/env (sh, bash, zsh)
    source $HOME/.cargo/env.fish (fish)source $HOME/.cargo/env

source $HOME/.cargo/env

簡単な操作

uv --version
uv 0.3.4 (39f3cd2a9 2024-08-26)

uv init example

Initialized project `example` at `/Users/masahero/Practice/newEnvPython/example`

exa -l
drwxr-xr-x - masahero 27 8 22:06 example

cd example/
uv add ruff

Using Python 3.11.4 interpreter at: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.11/bin/python3
Creating virtualenv at: .venv
Resolved 2 packages in 131ms
   Built example @ file:///Users/masahero/Practice/newEnvPython/example
Prepared 2 packages in 693ms
Installed 2 packages in 1ms
 + example==0.1.0 (from file:///Users/masahero/Practice/newEnvPython/example)
 + ruff==0.6.2

uv run ruff check
All checks passed!

pipx代わりのuvx

uv tool runのalias

環境を汚さずにPythonライブラリを入れたい場合に使う。
(無知ゆえ、pipx自体初めて知った。)

uvx pycowsay 'hello world!'
Installed 1 package in 5ms

  ------------
< hello world! >
  ------------
   \   ^__^
    \  (oo)\_______
       (__)\       )\/\
           ||----w |
           ||     ||

uv tool install ruff
Resolved 1 package in 66ms
Prepared 1 package in 902ms
Installed 1 package in 2ms
 + ruff==0.6.2
Installed 1 executable: ruff

ruff --version
ruff 0.6.2

Pythonバージョン管理

uv python install 3.12
Searching for Python versions matching: Python 3.12
Installed Python 3.12.5 in 2.80s
 + cpython-3.12.5-macos-aarch64-none

uv venv --python 3.12.5
Using Python 3.12.5
Creating virtualenv at: .venv
Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate


source .venv/bin/activate

python --version
Python 3.12.5

deactivate

ライブラリインストール

uv add hogeでインストール可能。インストールの速さに驚く。

uv add numpy polars
Resolved 4 packages in 84ms
   Built example @ file:///Users/masahero/Practice/newEnvPython/example
Prepared 4 packages in 2.98s
Installed 4 packages in 23ms
 + example==0.1.0 (from file:///Users/masahero/Practice/newEnvPython/example)
 + numpy==2.1.0
 + polars==1.5.0
 + ruff==0.6.2

bat pyproject.toml
───────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       │ File: pyproject.toml
───────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   1   │ [project]
   2   │ name = "example"
   3   │ version = "0.1.0"
   4   │ description = "Add your description here"
   5   │ readme = "README.md"
   6   │ requires-python = ">=3.11"
   7   │ dependencies = [
   8   │     "ruff>=0.6.2",
   9   │     "numpy>=2.1.0",
  10   │     "polars>=1.5.0",
  11   │ ]
  12   │
  13   │ [build-system]
  14   │ requires = ["hatchling"]
  15   │ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
───────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

スクリプト実行

$ echo 'import requests; print(requests.get("https://astral.sh"))' > example.py

$ uv add --script example.py requests
Updated `example.py`

example.pyの中身

example.py

# /// script
# requires-python = ">=3.12"
# dependencies = [
#     "requests",
# ]
# ///
import requests; print(requests.get("https://astral.sh"))

uv run scriptFileで実行

uv run example.py
Reading inline script metadata from: example.py
Installed 5 packages in 3ms
<Response [200]>