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fishの補完について + `catkin --help` から補完を自動生成する試み
fish の好きなところを問われたときに、補完を挙げる人は多いのではないかと思います．かく言う私もその一人で、特に画像のようにグレーでコマンドが浮かびあがっているくる点は気に入っています．
さて、そんな便利な補完ですが、当然勝手に生えているわけではなく、それなりに便利に使おうと思うと、基本的に手作業で実装する必要があります．fish は決して多く使われているわけではないため、どうしても bash や zsh に比べると補完が実装されている可能性は低いです．
そんなときに、自分でなんとかできるようにと思って、補完について調べたことをまとめました．最後に補完スクリプトの自動生成の試みについても書きます．
補完スクリプトの場所
そもそも補完スクリプトがどこにあるかご存知でしょうか？$fish_complete_pathで確認することができます．
自分の環境だと以下の通りでした（*は未使用）．
~/.config/fish/completions/etc/fish/completions-
/usr/share/ubuntu/fish/vendor_completions.d* -
/usr/local/share/fish/vendor_completions.d* /usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d-
/var/lib/snapd/desktop/fish/vendor_completions.d* /usr/share/fish/completions~/.local/share/fish/generated_completions
それぞれの中身について下から見ていきます．
~/.local/share/fish/generated_completions
fish_update_completionsというコマンドを使うと、man をパースして補完スクリプトを生成することができます．そのデフォルトの出力先です．
例えば、cmakeコマンドは fish,CMake いずれの公式からも補完を提供されていません．しかし、man があるので、fish_update_completionsを一度叩くことにより、補完の恩恵を受けることができます．
ただし、fish_update_completionsも万能ではなく、man から読み取れないことをサジェストすることはできないので、限界はあります．
例えば、docker run [TAB]としたときに、手元にあるイメージが候補として出てくるのは、以下のコマンドの出力をもらっているからです．こういったことは man 等のパースでは決してできません．
docker images --format "{{.Repository}}:{{.Tag}}" | command grep -v '<none>'
そういうこともあり優先順位が一番低くされているのでしょう．
/usr/share/fish/completions
ここには fish 自体がメンテしているスクリプトが置いてあります．Linux コマンドや、主要なコマンド（git, gcc, cargo など）の補完スクリプトがおいてあります．
$ exa /usr/share/fish/completions/ | wc -w
777
結構多い．
/usr/share/fish/vendor_completions.d
サードパーティライブラリから公式に提供される場合の置き場です．
自分の環境だと、以下の 2 つだけがありました．
docker.fishfwupdmgr.fish
/etc/fish/completions
システム管理者が全ユーザ共通の設定として置きたい場合に使う．
~/.config/fish/completions
ユーザ設定用です．
gitignore.fishやfisher.fish等、fisher 系の補完もここに置かれていますし、自分で何か追加したくなったらここに置くことになるでしょう．
また、補完スクリプトを生成するコマンドが存在したり、argcomplete を利用して生成できる場合は、出力先をここにします．
$ rustup completions fish >~/.config/fish/completions/rustup.fish
$ register-python-argcomplete --shell fish pipx >~/.config/fish/completions/pipx.fish
自分は以下のような関数を用意して、たまに実行しています．
function command_exist
if type $argv[1] >/dev/null 2>&1
return 0
else
echo $argv[1]: not found
return 1
end
end
function update_completions
fish_update_completions
set -l dir $__fish_config_dir/completions
for cmd in poetry rustup
if command_exist $cmd
$cmd completions fish >$dir/$cmd.fish
end
end
if command_exist register-python-argcomplete
for cmd in pipx
if command_exist $cmd
register-python-argcomplete --shell fish $cmd >$dir/$cmd.fish
end
end
end
end
補完スクリプトの書き方（リンク）
これを最初テーマに書こうと思いましたが、特に 2 つ目見たらいらないなとなったので以下の記事に譲ります．
自動生成 (WIP)
色々調べてさてわかったぞと、catkinコマンド（中身は重要ではないので知らなくてよいです）の補完を作ろうと思って書き始めたものの、正直思いました……面倒だと（メンテナの方々には頭があがりません）．でやめました．
しかし思うわけです．man をパース[1]して生成できるくらいのレベルなら、--helpの結果をパースすればできるのではないかと．
ということで、catkin [subcommand] --helpの結果をパースして、オプションについての補完を生成するスクリプトを作りました．
以前から少し気になっていたパーサコンビネータを使ってパースしています[2]．言語としては Rust を、パーサコンビネータとしては nom を使っています．
できたものがこちら（同じものを https://github.com/eduidl/catkin.fish/blob/main/catkin.fish にも置いています）．これを手打ちすると思うと中々大変そうです．
catkin.fish
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -s a -l list-aliases -d "Lists the current verb aliases and then quits, all other arguments are ignored"
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -l test-colors -d "Prints a color test pattern to the screen and then quits, all other arguments are ignored"
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -l version -d "Prints the catkin_tools version."
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -l force-color -d "Forces catkin to output in color, even when the terminal does not appear to support it."
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -l no-color -d "Forces catkin to not use color in the output, regardless of the detect terminal type."
# build
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a build
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s n -l dry-run -d "List the packages which will be built with the given arguments without building them."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l get-env -d "Print the environment in which PKGNAME is built to stdout."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l this -d "Build the package containing the current working directory."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-deps -d "Only build specified packages, not their dependencies."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l unbuilt -d "Build packages which have yet to be built."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l start-with -d "Build a given package and those which depend on it, skipping any before it."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l start-with-this -d "Similar to --start-with, starting with the package containing the current directory."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s c -l continue-on-failure -d "Try to continue building packages whose dependencies built successfully even if some other requested packages fail to build."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l force-cmake -d "Runs cmake explicitly for each catkin package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l pre-clean -d "Runs `make clean` before building each package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-install-lock -d "Prevents serialization of the install steps, which is on by default to prevent file install collisions"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l save-config -d "Save any configuration options in this section for the next build invocation."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s j -l jobs -d "Maximum number of build jobs to be distributed across active packages. (default is cpu count)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l jobserver -d "Use the internal GNU Make job server which will limit the number of Make jobs across all active packages."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-jobserver -d "Disable the internal GNU Make job server, and use an external one (like distcc, for example)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l env-cache -d "Re-use cached environment variables when re-sourcing a resultspace that has been loaded at a different stage in the task."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-env-cache -d "Don't cache environment variables when re-sourcing the same resultspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l cmake-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to CMake. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-cmake-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to CMake."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l make-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to make. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-make-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to make (does not affect --catkin-make-args)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l catkin-make-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to make but only for catkin packages. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-catkin-make-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to make for catkin packages (does not affect --make-args)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s v -l verbose -d "Print output from commands in ordered blocks once the command finishes."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s i -l interleave-output -d "Prevents ordering of command output when multiple commands are running at the same time."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-status -d "Suppresses status line, useful in situations where carriage return is not properly supported."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s s -l summarize -d "Adds a build summary to the end of a build; defaults to on with --continue-on-failure, off otherwise"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -s s -l summary -d "Adds a build summary to the end of a build; defaults to on with --continue-on-failure, off otherwise"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-summarize -d "Explicitly disable the end of build summary"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-summary -d "Explicitly disable the end of build summary"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l override-build-tool-check -d "use to override failure due to using differnt build tools on the same workspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l limit-status-rate -d "_STATUS_RATE, --status-rate LIMIT_STATUS_RATE Limit the update rate of the status bar to this frequency. Zero means unlimited. Must be positive, default is 10 Hz."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from build' -l no-notify -d "Suppresses system pop-up notification."
# clean
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a clean
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s n -l dry-run -d "Show the effects of the clean action without modifying the workspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s v -l verbose -d "Verbose status output."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s y -l yes -d "Assume "yes" to all interactive checks."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s f -l force -d "Allow cleaning files outside of the workspace root."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l all-profiles -d "Apply the specified clean operation for all profiles in this workspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l deinit -d "De-initialize the workspace, delete all build profiles and configuration. This will also clean subdirectories for all profiles in the workspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s l -l logs -d "Remove the entire log space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s b -l build -d "Remove the entire build space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s d -l devel -d "Remove the entire devel space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -s i -l install -d "Remove the entire install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l dependents -d "Clean the packages which depend on the packages to be cleaned."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l deps -d "Clean the packages which depend on the packages to be cleaned."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l orphans -d "Remove products from packages are no longer in the source space. Note that this also removes packages which are blacklisted or which contain `CATKIN_INGORE` marker files."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from clean' -l setup-files -d "Clear the catkin-generated setup files from the devel and install spaces."
# config
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a config
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -s a -l append-args -d "For list-type arguments, append elements."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -s r -l remove-args -d "For list-type arguments, remove elements."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l init -d "Initialize a workspace if it does not yet exist."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l extend -d "_PATH, -e EXTEND_PATH Explicitly extend the result-space of another catkin workspace, overriding the value of $CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-extend -d "Un-set the explicit extension of another workspace as set by --extend."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l mkdirs -d "Create directories required by the configuration (e.g. source space) if they do not already exist."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l authors -d "Set the default authors of created packages"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l maintainers -d "Set the default maintainers of created packages"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l licenses -d "Set the default licenses of created packages"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l whitelist -d "Set the packages on the whitelist. If the whitelist is non-empty, only the packages on the whitelist are built with a bare call to `catkin build`."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-whitelist -d "Clear all packages from the whitelist."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l blacklist -d "Set the packages on the blacklist. Packages on the blacklist are not built with a bare call to `catkin build`."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-blacklist -d "Clear all packages from the blacklist."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l build-space -d "_SPACE, -b BUILD_SPACE The path to the build space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l default-build-space -d "Use the default path to the build space ("build")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l devel-space -d "_SPACE, -d DEVEL_SPACE The path to the devel space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l default-devel-space -d "Use the default path to the devel space ("devel")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l install-space -d "_SPACE, -i INSTALL_SPACE The path to the install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l default-install-space -d "Use the default path to the install space ("install")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l log-space -d "_SPACE, -l LOG_SPACE The path to the log space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l default-log-space -d "Use the default path to the log space ("logs")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l source-space -d "_SPACE, -s SOURCE_SPACE The path to the source space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l default-source-space -d "Use the default path to the source space ("src")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l link-devel -d "Build products from each catkin package into isolated spaces, then symbolically link them into a merged devel space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l merge-devel -d "Build products from each catkin package into a single merged devel spaces."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l isolate-devel -d "Build products from each catkin package into isolated devel spaces."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l install -d "Causes each package to be installed to the install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-install -d "Disables installing each package into the install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l isolate-install -d "Install each catkin package into a separate install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l merge-install -d "Install each catkin package into a single merged install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -s j -l jobs -d "Maximum number of build jobs to be distributed across active packages. (default is cpu count)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l jobserver -d "Use the internal GNU Make job server which will limit the number of Make jobs across all active packages."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-jobserver -d "Disable the internal GNU Make job server, and use an external one (like distcc, for example)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l env-cache -d "Re-use cached environment variables when re-sourcing a resultspace that has been loaded at a different stage in the task."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-env-cache -d "Don't cache environment variables when re-sourcing the same resultspace."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l cmake-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to CMake. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-cmake-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to CMake."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l make-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to make. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-make-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to make (does not affect --catkin-make-args)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l catkin-make-args -d "Arbitrary arguments which are passed to make but only for catkin packages. It collects all of following arguments until a "--" is read."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from config' -l no-catkin-make-args -d "Pass no additional arguments to make for catkin packages (does not affect --make-args)."
# create
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a create
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from create' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from create' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from create' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
# env
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a env
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from env' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from env' -s i -l ignore-environment -d "Start with an empty environment."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from env' -s s -l stdin -d "Read environment variable definitions from stdin. Variables should be given in NAME=VALUE format."
# init
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a init
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from init' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from init' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from init' -l reset -d "Reset (delete) all of the metadata for the given workspace."
# list
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a list
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l deps -d "Show direct dependencies of each package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l dependencies -d "Show direct dependencies of each package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l rdeps -d "Show recursive dependencies of each package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l recursive-dependencies -d "Show recursive dependencies of each package."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l depends-on -d "[PKG [PKG ...]] Only show packages that directly depend on specific package(s)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l rdepends-on -d "[PKG [PKG ...]], --recursive-depends-on [PKG [PKG ...]] Only show packages that recursively depend on specific package(s)."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l this -d "Show the package which contains the current working directory."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l directory -d "[DIRECTORY [DIRECTORY ...]], -d [DIRECTORY [DIRECTORY ...]] Pass list of directories process all packages in directory"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -l quiet -d "Don't print out detected package warnings."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from list' -s u -l unformatted -d "Print list without punctuation and additional details."
# locate
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a locate
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin_tools workspace or a directory contained within it (default: ".")"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -l profile -d "The name of a config profile to use (default: active profile)"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s e -l existing-only -d "Only print paths to existing directories."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s r -l relative -d "Print relative paths instead of the absolute paths."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s q -l quiet -d "Suppress warning output."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s s -l src -d "Get the path to the source space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s b -l build -d "Get the path to the build space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s d -l devel -d "Get the path to the devel space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -s i -l install -d "Get the path to the install space."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -l this -d "Locate package containing current working directory."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -l shell-verbs -d "Get the path to the shell verbs script."
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from locate' -l examples -d "Get the path to the examples directory."
# profile
complete -c catkin -n __fish_use_subcommand -a profile
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from profile' -s h -l help -d "show this help message and exit"
complete -c catkin -n '__fish_seen_subcommand_from profile' -s w -l workspace -d "The path to the catkin workspace. Default: current working directory"
今はまだ、catkin 決め打ちで汎用性が低いので、他のコマンドにもある程度対応できるといいなと思っています．
Discussion
zshにはそういうのあるのか