GrafanaでUbuntu Serverの監視体制をつくる
何かあるたびにいちいちSSHしてステータス確認するのが億劫になってきたので、ちゃんとGrafanaで色々見れるようにしたい
とりあえず中途半端に色々入れたものを片付ける
sudo apt purge grafana prometheus promtail loki
[sudo] password for ****:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
fonts-glyphicons-halflings libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery-hotkeys libjs-moment libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache
libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle musl node-jquery
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
grafana* loki* prometheus* promtail*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 4 to remove and 17 not upgraded.
After this operation, 676 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 159688 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing grafana (10.4.1) ...
Stopping and disabling grafana-server service...
Synchronizing state of grafana-server.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable grafana-server
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/grafana-server.service.
Removing loki (3.0.0) ...
Removing prometheus (2.31.2+ds1-1ubuntu1.22.04.2) ...
Removing promtail (3.0.0) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
(Reading database ... 147631 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for prometheus (2.31.2+ds1-1ubuntu1.22.04.2) ...
Purging configuration files for loki (3.0.0) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing loki, directory '/etc/loki' not empty so not removed
Purging configuration files for promtail (3.0.0) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing promtail, directory '/etc/promtail' not empty so not removed
Purging configuration files for grafana (10.4.1) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing grafana, directory '/usr/lib/systemd/system' not empty so not removed
dpkg: warning: while removing grafana, directory '/etc/grafana' not empty so not removed
消せなかったものもあるらしい
見てみたら/usr/lib/systemd/system
以外は大体デフォルトのコンフィグファイルのバックアップだったので全部消した
どうせまた入ってきそうな気はするが不要になった依存パッケージ郡も一度消す
sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory
The following packages will be REMOVED:
fonts-glyphicons-halflings libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery-hotkeys libjs-moment libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache
libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle musl node-jquery
sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 14 to remove and 17 not upgraded.
sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory
After this operation, 183 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory
(Reading database ... 147612 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker (4.17.47-5) ...
Removing libjs-bootstrap (3.4.1+dfsg-2) ...
Removing fonts-glyphicons-halflings (1.009~3.4.1+dfsg-2) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing fonts-glyphicons-halflings, directory '/usr/share/fonts/truetype/glyphicons' not empty so not removed
Removing libjs-bootstrap4 (4.6.0+dfsg1-4) ...
Removing libjs-rickshaw (1.5.1.dfsg-5) ...
Removing libjs-d3 (3.5.17-4) ...
Removing libjs-jquery-hotkeys (0~20130707+git2d51e3a9+dfsg-2ubuntu1) ...
Removing libjs-moment-timezone (0.5.34+dfsg-1+2021e) ...
Removing libjs-moment (2.29.1+ds-3ubuntu0.2) ...
Removing libjs-mustache (2.3.2-2) ...
Removing libjs-popper.js (1.16.1+ds-5) ...
Removing libjs-sizzle (2.3.6+ds+~2.3.3-1) ...
Removing musl:amd64 (1.2.2-4) ...
Removing node-jquery (3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for fontconfig (2.13.1-4.2ubuntu5) ...
sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory
prometheus-node-exporter
もいたの忘れてたので消した
sudo apt purge prometheus-node-exporter
Prometheus
から入れる
システムのデータ集計するのでprometheus-node-exporter
も入れる
sudo apt install prometheus prometheus-node-exporter
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
fonts-glyphicons-halflings libio-pty-perl libipc-run-perl libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery-hotkeys libjs-moment
libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle libtime-duration-perl moreutils node-jquery prometheus-node-exporter-collectors smartmontools
Suggested packages:
gsmartcontrol smart-notifier
The following NEW packages will be installed:
fonts-glyphicons-halflings libio-pty-perl libipc-run-perl libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery-hotkeys libjs-moment
libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle libtime-duration-perl moreutils node-jquery prometheus prometheus-node-exporter
prometheus-node-exporter-collectors smartmontools
0 upgraded, 21 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 25.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 280 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
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Get:16 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-sizzle all 2.3.6+ds+~2.3.3-1 [32.3 kB]
Get:17 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libtime-duration-perl all 1.21-1 [13.1 kB]
Get:18 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 moreutils amd64 0.66-1 [63.3 kB]
Get:19 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 node-jquery all 3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1 [160 kB]
Get:20 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 prometheus-node-exporter-collectors all 0+git20211024.8eeeffb-1 [27.1 kB]
Get:21 http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 smartmontools amd64 7.2-1ubuntu0.1 [583 kB]
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-apt.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-apt.timer.#######################..........]
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-ipmitool-sensor.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-ipmitool-sensor.timer.#........]
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-mellanox-hca-temp.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-mellanox-hca-temp.timer.
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-smartmon.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-smartmon.timer.
Setting up prometheus (2.31.2+ds1-1ubuntu1.22.04.2) ...
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Scanning processes...
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Scanning linux images...
Running kernel seems to be up-to-date.
The processor microcode seems to be up-to-date.
No services need to be restarted.
No containers need to be restarted.
No user sessions are running outdated binaries.
No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
ログが長い
とりあえず初期設定で立ち上げる
sudo systemctl enable prometheus prometheus-node-exporter
Synchronizing state of prometheus.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable prometheus
Synchronizing state of prometheus-node-exporter.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable prometheus-node-exporter
http://サーバIP:9090
叩いてみるも繋がらないと思ったけどポート閉じてた
sudo ufw allow 9090
Rule added
Rule added (v6)
見れた
ここを直接触る予定は今のところないのでcaddyfile
は特に弄らないでおく
事前にリポジトリは追加してあるのでそのままgrafana
入れる
結構容量大きい
sudo apt install grafana
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
musl
The following NEW packages will be installed:
grafana musl
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
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Get:1 https://apt.grafana.com stable/main amd64 grafana amd64 10.4.2 [114 MB]
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Setting up grafana (10.4.2) ...
### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure grafana to start automatically using systemd
sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server
### You can start grafana-server by executing
sudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server
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Grafana
はデフォルトでポート3000とかいう大覇権ポートを指定してくる
弊サーバではsharkey
にその座を明け渡しているので立ち上げる前にポートを変える(1敗)
...
#################################### Server ####################################
[server]
# Protocol (http, https, h2, socket)
;protocol = http
# This is the minimum TLS version allowed. By default, this value is empty. Accepted values are: TLS1.2, TLS1.3. If nothing is set TLS1.2 would be taken
;min_tls_version = ""
# The ip address to bind to, empty will bind to all interfaces
;http_addr =
# The http port to use
- ;http_port = 3000
+ http_port = 3333
# The public facing domain name used to access grafana from a browser
;domain = localhost
...
他にも色々ありそうだけど設定ファイルが膨大過ぎるので一旦はこれだけ
いちいちFWのポート開けるのがだるいしどうせポート番号指定して見るということはないので、caddyfile
に追記して見れるようにする
アスタリスクはDDNS部分なので本当にアスタリスクを書いているわけではない
+ grafana.***.*** {
+ reverse_proxy localhost:3333
+ }
追記したら再起動
sudo systemctl restart caddy
grafanaを立ち上げる
sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server
Synchronizing state of grafana-server.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable grafana-server
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/grafana-server.service → /lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service.
sudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server
sudo /bin/systemctl status grafana-server
● grafana-server.service - Grafana instance
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2024-04-18 02:03:35 JST; 12s ago
Docs: http://docs.grafana.org
Main PID: 35491 (grafana)
Tasks: 13 (limit: 9198)
Memory: 45.2M
CPU: 1.768s
CGroup: /system.slice/grafana-server.service
└─35491 /usr/share/grafana/bin/grafana server --config=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini --pidfile=/run/grafana/grafana-server.pid --packaging=deb cfg:default.paths.logs=/var/log/g>
さっきcaddyでリバースプロクシを設定したので、登録したアドレス(先の例でいうとgrafana.***.***
)をブラウザで開く
初期ユーザの認証はID: admin
PW: admin
…のはずが、何故か入れずパスワードマネージャの認証情報でログイン出来た
アンインストール前の情報がどこかに残ってたらしい
ログインしたらセッション情報やダッシュボードが残骸が残っていた
一旦いろいろ消しておく
情報取得源を登録する
まだprometheus
しか入れてないのでとりあえずそっちから
といっても特に何もすることはない
Add data sourceして
Prometheus選んで
Connectionを(ポート変えてなければ)http://localhost:9090
にして
最下部の「Save & test」が動けばOK
サンプルダッシュボードをインポートしてみる
「Import a dashboard」
恐らく皆最初はこれを入れるんじゃなかろうかと思う
「Copy ID to clipboard」を選んで
ダッシュボードのIDインポート欄にペーストしてLoad
最下部のPrometheusを先程作ったPrometheusのData Sourceを指定してImport
それっぽいのが出てくる
割と詳細めな情報はデフォルトでは折りたたまれているけど詳しすぎて見ても大体分からないのでこのファーストビューだけで事足りる気がする
ここまでやって力尽きていた
少し時間が空いたので続きやる
Prometheus
だけではログの参照ができないので、Loki
とPromtail
が必要
Promtail
はログの収集と加工が出来て、Loki
でログデータの取り込みをする、という認識でいる
grafana
のリポジトリが登録してあればapt
で入るみたい
sudo apt install loki promtail
[sudo] password for ****:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
loki promtail
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 18 not upgraded.
Need to get 51.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 169 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://apt.grafana.com stable/main amd64 loki amd64 3.0.0 [22.6 MB]
Get:2 https://apt.grafana.com stable/main amd64 promtail amd64 3.0.0 [28.6 MB]
Fetched 51.2 MB in 5s (11.4 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package loki.
(Reading database ... 159690 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/loki_3.0.0_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking loki (3.0.0) ...
Selecting previously unselected package promtail.
Preparing to unpack .../promtail_3.0.0_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking promtail (3.0.0) ...
Setting up loki (3.0.0) ...
Post Install of a clean install
Reload the service unit from disk
Unmask the service
Set the preset flag for the service unit
Set the enabled flag for the service unit
Setting up promtail (3.0.0) ...
Post Install of a clean install
Reload the service unit from disk
Unmask the service
Set the preset flag for the service unit
Set the enabled flag for the service unit
Scanning processes...
Scanning processor microcode...
Scanning linux images...
Promtail
systemctl status promtail
● promtail.service - Promtail service
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/promtail.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2024-04-18 12:13:37 JST; 45s ago
Main PID: 489421 (promtail)
Tasks: 8 (limit: 9198)
Memory: 14.9M
CPU: 349ms
CGroup: /system.slice/promtail.service
└─489421 /usr/bin/promtail -config.file /etc/promtail/config.yml
Loki
systemctl status loki
● loki.service - Loki service
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/loki.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2024-04-18 12:13:35 JST; 1min 16s ago
Main PID: 489197 (loki)
Tasks: 10 (limit: 9198)
Memory: 29.3M
CPU: 888ms
CGroup: /system.slice/loki.service
└─489197 /usr/bin/loki -config.file /etc/loki/config.yml
親切
こっからなにするんだ
とりあえずGrafanaのData Source登録しとくか
やることはPrometheusと同じ
Connectionはデフォルトポートの3100
「Save & Test」で通れば使えるようになる
何のログ集めたいかと言われると
- Sharkeyのジャーナルログ
- SSHのログ
- Cron実行ログ
あたりかな
コンフィグにこう書くとjournalが収集出来るみたい
scrape_configs:
- job_name: journal
journal:
json: false
max_age: 12h
path: /var/log/journal
matches: _TRANSPORT=kernel
labels:
job: systemd-journal
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: ['__journal__systemd_unit']
target_label: 'unit'
出来なかった
悲しい
下の方にラベルを残す形でログを取得するやり方もあったのでこちらを試してみる
- job_name: systemd-journal
journal:
labels:
cluster: ops-tools1
job: default/systemd-journal
path: /var/log/journal
relabel_configs:
- source_labels:
- __journal__systemd_unit
target_label: systemd_unit
- source_labels:
- __journal__hostname
target_label: nodename
- source_labels:
- __journal_syslog_identifier
target_label: syslog_identifier
最低限ログを垂れ流すのは出来た
パースしていい感じにしたいところではあるけど更に長くなりそうなので一旦〆