Chapter 18

タスクを切り出す#1 : ansible.builtin.import_tasks

y_mrok
y_mrok
2021.10.24に更新
このチャプターの目次
  1. 説明
  2. 演習問題

説明

この章の説明はこのリンクをクリックしてください。

演習問題

Q1. プレイブックの RedHat 系用のタスクと Debian 系用のタスクを ansible.builtin.import_tasks モジュールを使用して取り込むよう書き直してください。

  • 処理手順
    1. RedHat 系の部分を「 radhat_apache.yml 」ファイルに書き出す。
    2. Deabian 系の部分を「 debian_apache.yml 」ファイルに書き出す。
    3. 書き出したタスクから次の条件を削除する。
      • web グループかどうか判断する条件
      • RedHat 系かどうか判断する条件 / debian 系かどうか判断する条件
    4. ansible.builtin.import_tasks モジュールを使用し、書き出したそれぞれのタスクを取り込む
    5. ansible.builtin.import_tasks モジュールを使用したそれぞれのタスクに when ディレクティブで必要な条件を追加する
  • インベントリーファイルの内容
    hosts.yml
     ---
 all:
   children:
     web:
       hosts:
         marutamachi: # CentOS/8.3 (RedHat)
         takeyamachi: # CentOS/7.8 (RedHat)
         oshikoji:    # Debian10 (Debian)
     mail:
       hosts:
         nijyo:
         ebisugawa:
     database:
       hosts:
         oshikoji:
         oike:
    group_vars/
    ---
ansible_user: vagrant
ansible_password: vagrant
    group_vars/web.yml
    ---
http_port: 8080
    host_vars/marutamachi.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.101
    host_vars/takeyamachi.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.102
    host_vars/ebisugawa.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.103
    host_vars/nijyo.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.104
    host_vars/oshikoji.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.105
ansible_python_interpreter: /usr/bin/python3
    host_vars/oike.yml
    ---
ansible_host: 192.168.111.106
ansible_python_interpreter: /usr/libexec/platform-python
  • 変更対象のプレイブック
    install_apache.yml
    ---
- name: Identify the OS and install Apache.
  hosts: all
  become: yes

  tasks:
    - name: RedHat family with major version 7.
      ansible.builtin.yum:
        name: httpd
        state: present
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
        - ansible_facts['distribution_major_version'] == "7"
    - name: RedHat family with major version 8.
      ansible.builtin.dnf:
        name: httpd
        state: present
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
        - ansible_facts['distribution_major_version'] == "8"
    - name: Start httpd service.
      ansible.builtin.systemd:
        name: httpd.service
        state: started
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
    - name: Debian family.
      ansible.builtin.apt:
        name: apache2
        state: present
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
    - name: Start apache2 service.
      ansible.builtin.systemd:
        name: apache2.service
        state: started
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
解答
install_apache.yml
---
- name: Identify the OS and install Apache.
  hosts: all
  become: yes

  tasks:
    - name: Install Apache on a RedHat-based managed node.
      ansible.builtin.import_tasks:
        file: ./redhat_apache.yml
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
    - name: Install Apache on a Debian-based managed node.
      ansible.builtin.import_tasks:
        file: ./debian_apache.yml
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups['web']
        - ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
redhat_apache.yml
---
- name: RedHat family with major version 7.
  ansible.builtin.yum:
    name: httpd
    state: present
  when:
    - ansible_facts['distribution_major_version'] == "7"
- name: RedHat family with major version 8.
  ansible.builtin.dnf:
    name: httpd
    state: present
  when:
    - ansible_facts['distribution_major_version'] == "8"
- name: Start httpd service.
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: httpd.service
    state: started
debian_apache.yml
---
- name: Debian family.
  ansible.builtin.apt:
    name: apache2
    state: present
- name: Start apache2 service.
  ansible.builtin.systemd:
    name: apache2.service
    state: started

y_mrok@ctrl:~/code/chap18$ ansible-playbook -i hosts.yml install_apache.yml 

PLAY [Identify the OS and install Apache.] ***********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *******************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [oshikoji]
ok: [takeyamachi]
ok: [marutamachi]
ok: [nijyo]
ok: [ebisugawa]
ok: [oike]

TASK [RedHat family with major version 7.] ***********************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
changed: [takeyamachi]

TASK [RedHat family with major version 8.] ***********************************************************************************************************
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
changed: [marutamachi]

TASK [Start httpd service.] **************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
changed: [takeyamachi]
changed: [marutamachi]

TASK [Debian family.] ********************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
changed: [oshikoji]

TASK [Start apache2 service.] ************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [oshikoji]

PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************************************************
ebisugawa                  : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
marutamachi                : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   
nijyo                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
oike                       : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
oshikoji                   : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   
takeyamachi                : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   

y_mrok@ctrl:~/code/chap18$

冪等性を確認

y_mrok@ctrl:~/code/chap18$ ansible-playbook -i hosts.yml install_apache.yml 

PLAY [Identify the OS and install Apache.] ***********************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *******************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [oshikoji]
ok: [takeyamachi]
ok: [marutamachi]
ok: [nijyo]
ok: [ebisugawa]
ok: [oike]

TASK [RedHat family with major version 7.] ***********************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [takeyamachi]

TASK [RedHat family with major version 8.] ***********************************************************************************************************
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [marutamachi]

TASK [Start httpd service.] **************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [oshikoji]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [takeyamachi]
ok: [marutamachi]

TASK [Debian family.] ********************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [oshikoji]

TASK [Start apache2 service.] ************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [marutamachi]
skipping: [takeyamachi]
skipping: [nijyo]
skipping: [ebisugawa]
skipping: [oike]
ok: [oshikoji]

PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************************************************
ebisugawa                  : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
marutamachi                : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   
nijyo                      : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
oike                       : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=5    rescued=0    ignored=0   
oshikoji                   : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   
takeyamachi                : ok=3    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=3    rescued=0    ignored=0   

y_mrok@ctrl:~/code/chap18$

Q2. それぞれの管理対象ノード上で Apache が動作していることを確認するため、ブラウザーでテストページを表示してください。

解答
  • 管理対象ノード : marutamachi
http://192.168.111.101/
  • 管理対象ノード : takeyamachi
http://192.168.111.102/
  • 管理対象ノード : oshikoji
http://192.168.111.105/